Californiastrong defensefoundationalproceduralradar
Engineering & Traffic Survey missing or stale (VC 40802(c))
Legal basis
VC 40802(c) requires a current (within 5, 7, or 10 years depending on history) Engineering & Traffic Survey before radar can be used on most local streets. A stale or absent E&TS renders the citation a "speed trap" and bars radar evidence.
How our AI uses this defense
When your case facts fit this theory, our AI adapts the template below to your specific citation, courthouse, and evidence. Every field is filled in from your actual ticket — citation number, violation code, courthouse, and officer details.
I respectfully request that the People produce the Engineering & Traffic Survey for {street} justifying the {postedLimit} posted limit. Absent a current E&TS as required by VC 40802(c), the use of radar on this roadway constitutes a prohibited speed trap and the radar reading must be excluded.Violations this defense applies to
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